梵天弟子造物因喻
§61 梵天弟子造物因喻
(61) brahma's disciple can create all things
婆罗门众皆言:“大梵天王是世间父,能造万物,造万物主者。”有弟子言:“我亦能造万物。”实是愚痴,自谓有智,语梵天言:“我欲造万物。”
brahmans say that the great brahma was both father of the world and creator of all things. one of the great brahma's disciples once said he also had the power to create things. he was too stupid to be wise. to the great brahma, he said, "i can create everything."
梵天王语言:“莫作此意。汝不能造。”不用天语,便欲造物。
the great brahrna replied, "don't talk like that. you can't. since you don't listen to me, i wonder how you do it."
梵天见其弟子所造之物,即语之言:“汝作头太大,作项极小;作手太大,作臂极小;作脚极小,作踵极大;如似譬毗舍阇鬼。”
after seeing what his disciple had creased, the great brahma said, "the man's head that you have made is too big and the neck too thin. the hands are too long and the arms too bony. the feet are too small and the legs too fat. it looks like a pisacah devil."
以此义当知,各各自业所造,非梵天能造。
through the great brahma's words, we should realize that human beings are created by their own deeds resulting from karma and not by the power of the great brahma.
诸佛说法,不著二边,亦不著断,亦不著常,如似八正道说法,诸外道见是断常事已,便生执著,欺诳世间,作法形像,所说实是非法。
buddha's preaching is not ambiguous. as they preach the eightfold noble path, they cling neither to the view of total annihilation nor that of permanence. on the contrary, the heretics do cling to the view of annihilation and permanence. they cheat the world by performing ceremonies and creating images. what they preach really is not buddhism.
注释:
①大梵天王:梵文brahman,系印度神话的创世大神,名尸弃,为娑婆世界之主。
②常:过去之我,也就是现在之我,相续不断,便是常。若是以为我是今世才生的,并不借着过去的因,这就是断。
③八正道:㈠正见,见苦集灭道这四谛之理;㈡正思惟,经思惟而使真智增长;㈢正语,不作一切虚妄不实之语;㈣正业,断除一切邪妄之行;㈤正命,顺著正法而活命;㈥正精进,发用真智而强修涅槃之道;㈦正念,以真智忆念正道而无邪念;㈧正定,摄诸散乱,身心寂静,正住真空之理,坚定不移。
白话:
婆罗门教的徒众都说:「大梵天王是世间之父,能造万物,是造万物的主人。」有一位弟子说:「我也能造万物。」他其实很愚痴,却自以为有智慧,对梵天说:「我想造万物。」梵天王答道:「不要生这个念头,你不能造的。」他不听梵天王的话,就动手造物了。梵天王见了弟子所造的物,就对他说:「你头造得太大,颈脖太小;手做得太大,臂太小;脚作得太小,脚后跟太大,如毘舍闍鬼一般。」
从这可以知晓,事物都是四大元素因缘和合,各自借着本身的业力,从而创造出来的,不是梵天王能造的。诸佛说佛道的意义,不执着于两个边见,也就是不执着于常见,也不执着于断见,就像八正道那样说的佛道的意义。诸外道见了这等断或常的事情,便产生了执著之情,用这来欺诳世间,造作出具有规范意义的形像来,而所说的其实并不具有规范意义。
供您思考:
宇宙的起源和演化、因和果的关系是印度哲学思想的核心问题。常见也就是因中有果,断见则是因中无果。持因中有果的是数论派,梁陈之际,真谛译的《金七十论》是这一派的要典,认为宇宙起源于一个根本因,而解脱则是要使精神脱离物质而独立,认识那根本因。此书所引的《路歌夜多论》(即顺世论lakayata)中的诗:「鹅能生白色,鹦鹉生绿色,孔雀生杂色,我亦从此生。」则显示了因中无果的断见。「我」是指人的精神、灵魂,它也是像鹅之白、鹦鹉之绿那样自然而然产生的,也就是说,是依赖于物质而产生的,这样,精神、灵魂便不是独立存在的,也没有创造世界的梵天。这种以为我及世间万物并不借着过去的因、而是自然产生的观念,可以拿阿耆多·翅舍钦婆罗(ajita kesakambali)的无因论作代表,《大毘婆沙论》卷一九九引述道:「现见孔雀鸾凤鸡等,山石草木花果刺等,色形差别,皆不由因,自然而有。彼作是说:谁铦诸刺?谁画禽兽?谁积山原?谁凿涧谷?谁复雕镂?草木花叶,如是一切,皆不由因。于造世间,无自在者。」(《大正藏》第二十七册第九九七页)
而佛教则离弃了这两个极端的观念,认为一切都是互相联系、互相影响的,各自有因又互相为缘,不常、不断。如火焰相续,后火不是前火(不是同一物),但无前火则也无后火(有着相续性)。
§61 梵天弟子造物因喻
婆罗门众皆言:“大梵天王是世间父,能造万物,造万物主者。”有弟子言:“我亦能造万物。”实是愚痴,自谓有智,语梵天言:“我欲造万物。”
梵天王语言:“莫作此意。汝不能造。”不用天语,便欲造物。
the great brahrna replied, "don't talk like that. you can't. since you don't listen to me, i wonder how you do it."
梵天见其弟子所造之物,即语之言:“汝作头太大,作项极小;作手太大,作臂极小;作脚极小,作踵极大;如似譬毗舍阇鬼。”
以此义当知,各各自业所造,非梵天能造。
诸佛说法,不著二边,亦不著断,亦不著常,如似八正道说法,诸外道见是断常事已,便生执著,欺诳世间,作法形像,所说实是非法。
注释:
①大梵天王:梵文brahman,系印度神话的创世大神,名尸弃,为娑婆世界之主。
②常:过去之我,也就是现在之我,相续不断,便是常。若是以为我是今世才生的,并不借着过去的因,这就是断。
③八正道:㈠正见,见苦集灭道这四谛之理;㈡正思惟,经思惟而使真智增长;㈢正语,不作一切虚妄不实之语;㈣正业,断除一切邪妄之行;㈤正命,顺著正法而活命;㈥正精进,发用真智而强修涅槃之道;㈦正念,以真智忆念正道而无邪念;㈧正定,摄诸散乱,身心寂静,正住真空之理,坚定不移。
白话:
婆罗门教的徒众都说:「大梵天王是世间之父,能造万物,是造万物的主人。」有一位弟子说:「我也能造万物。」他其实很愚痴,却自以为有智慧,对梵天说:「我想造万物。」梵天王答道:「不要生这个念头,你不能造的。」他不听梵天王的话,就动手造物了。梵天王见了弟子所造的物,就对他说:「你头造得太大,颈脖太小;手做得太大,臂太小;脚作得太小,脚后跟太大,如毘舍闍鬼一般。」
从这可以知晓,事物都是四大元素因缘和合,各自借着本身的业力,从而创造出来的,不是梵天王能造的。诸佛说佛道的意义,不执着于两个边见,也就是不执着于常见,也不执着于断见,就像八正道那样说的佛道的意义。诸外道见了这等断或常的事情,便产生了执著之情,用这来欺诳世间,造作出具有规范意义的形像来,而所说的其实并不具有规范意义。
供您思考:
宇宙的起源和演化、因和果的关系是印度哲学思想的核心问题。常见也就是因中有果,断见则是因中无果。持因中有果的是数论派,梁陈之际,真谛译的《金七十论》是这一派的要典,认为宇宙起源于一个根本因,而解脱则是要使精神脱离物质而独立,认识那根本因。此书所引的《路歌夜多论》(即顺世论lakayata)中的诗:「鹅能生白色,鹦鹉生绿色,孔雀生杂色,我亦从此生。」则显示了因中无果的断见。「我」是指人的精神、灵魂,它也是像鹅之白、鹦鹉之绿那样自然而然产生的,也就是说,是依赖于物质而产生的,这样,精神、灵魂便不是独立存在的,也没有创造世界的梵天。这种以为我及世间万物并不借着过去的因、而是自然产生的观念,可以拿阿耆多·翅舍钦婆罗(ajita kesakambali)的无因论作代表,《大毘婆沙论》卷一九九引述道:「现见孔雀鸾凤鸡等,山石草木花果刺等,色形差别,皆不由因,自然而有。彼作是说:谁铦诸刺?谁画禽兽?谁积山原?谁凿涧谷?谁复雕镂?草木花叶,如是一切,皆不由因。于造世间,无自在者。」(《大正藏》第二十七册第九九七页)
而佛教则离弃了这两个极端的观念,认为一切都是互相联系、互相影响的,各自有因又互相为缘,不常、不断。如火焰相续,后火不是前火(不是同一物),但无前火则也无后火(有着相续性)。
(61) brahma's disciple can create all things
brahmans say that the great brahma was both father of the world and creator of all things. one of the great brahma's disciples once said he also had the power to create things. he was too stupid to be wise. to the great brahma, he said, "i can create everything."
after seeing what his disciple had creased, the great brahma said, "the man's head that you have made is too big and the neck too thin. the hands are too long and the arms too bony. the feet are too small and the legs too fat. it looks like a pisacah devil."
through the great brahma's words, we should realize that human beings are created by their own deeds resulting from karma and not by the power of the great brahma.
buddha's preaching is not ambiguous. as they preach the eightfold noble path, they cling neither to the view of total annihilation nor that of permanence. on the contrary, the heretics do cling to the view of annihilation and permanence. they cheat the world by performing ceremonies and creating images. what they preach really is not buddhism.