Kubla Khan忽必列汗by 柯勒律治(MP3+双语)

塞缪尔·泰勒·柯勒律治是英国素有“鬼才”之称的最伟大的古典浪漫主义诗人之一。他的诗更以其想像奇特,扑朔迷离,并追求象征,虚幻的哥特式风格与中古风格而著称。这首《忽必烈汗》正是这方面的代表作之一,是柯勒律治在一次服用鸦片后睡梦中所做的一首足有二、三百行的长诗,无奈醒后由于客人来访,作者仅记下五十四行。尽管如此,仍堪称为诗坛一绝。此诗虚实结合,着重描写诗人梦境中的朦胧幻景,意象奇特,注重对比与比喻,尤其以其音乐性的韵律和丰富的修辞见长,是为一首不朽的世界名诗。
欣赏这首诗歌之前，想让大家了解一个“名”词：Xanadu，源自蒙语，代表的是神秘、如同田园般诗情画意的世处桃源，这个词是诗歌的核心，而且影响也比较深远。Xanadu（元上都，或Shangdu，后被外国人称为“世外桃源”），位于今中国内蒙古自治区锡林郭勒盟正蓝旗境内。元世祖忽必烈即位以前（1256年），命刘秉忠建王府于此，1279年灭宋后，改为陪都，作避暑行宫，夏天在这里处理政务。上都广为西方人认识，原因是13世纪马可孛罗于此地获忽必烈觐见，于其《游记》中记载都城生活的奢华：“内有大理石宫殿，甚美，其房舍内皆涂金，绘重重鸟兽花木，工巧之极，技术之佳，见之足以娱乐人心目”。18世纪英国诗人Samuel Coleridge （萨缪尔·柯勒律，也有人翻译为“科立芝”）阅《游记》后，于其诗篇中赞美：“上都坐忽必烈汗，恢宏皇城乐御邦”(In Xanadu did Kubla Khan, A stately pleasure-dome decree...)。后来西方人以“Xanadu”比拟作“世外桃源”。土卫六上的最大亮区俗称为“Xanadu Regio”，因没有人知道那里是什么样。
Xanadu—Kubla Khan 忽必列汗
萨缪尔·柯勒律治
by Samuel Taylor Coleridge

In Xanadu did Kubla Khan
A stately pleasure-dome decree:
Where Alph, the sacred river, ran
Through caverns measureless to man
Down to a sunless sea.
忽必列汗在上都曾经
下令造一座堂皇的安乐殿堂：
这地方有圣河亚佛流奔，
穿过深不可测的洞门，
直流入不见阳光的海洋。
So twice five miles of fertile ground
With walls and towers were girdled round:
And there were gardens bright with sinuous rills,
Where blossomed many an incense-bearing tree;
And here were forests ancient as the hills,
Enfolding sunny spots of greenery.
有方圆五英里肥沃的土壤，
四周给围上楼塔和城墙：
那里有花园，蜿蜒的溪河在其间闪耀，
园里树枝上鲜花盛开，一片芬芳；
这里有森林，跟山峦同样古老，
围住了洒满阳光的一块块青草草场。
But oh! that deep romantic chasm which slanted
Down the green hill athwart a cedarn cover!
A savage place! as holy and enchanted
As e'er beneath a waning moon was haunted
By woman wailing for her demon-lover!
但是，啊！那深沉而奇异的巨壑
沿青山斜裂，横过伞盖的柏树！
野蛮的地方，既神圣而又着了魔－－
好象有女人在衰落的月色里出没，
为她的魔鬼情郎而凄声嚎哭！
And from this chasm, with ceaseless turmoil seething,
As if this earth in fast thick pants were breathing,
A mighty fountain momently was forced:
Amid whose swift half-intermitted burst
Huge fragments vaulted like rebounding hail,
Or chaffy grain beneath the thresher's flail:
And 'mid these dancing rocks at once and ever
It flung up momently the sacred river.
巨壑下，不绝的喧嚣在沸腾汹涌，
似乎这土地正喘息在快速而猛烈的悸动中，
从这巨壑里，不断迸出股猛烈的地泉；
在它那断时续的涌迸之间，
巨大的石块飞跃着象反跳的冰雹，
或者象打稻人连枷下一撮撮新稻；
从这些舞蹈的岩石中，时时刻刻
迸发出那条神圣的溪河。
Five miles meandering with a mazy motion
Through wood and dale the sacred river ran,
Then reached the caverns measureless to man,
And sank in tumult to a lifeless ocean:
And 'mid this tumult Kubla heard from far
Ancestral voices prophesying war!
迷乱地移动着，蜿蜒了五英里地方，
那神圣的溪河流过了峡谷和森林，
于是到达了深不可测的洞门，
在喧嚣中沉入了没有生命的海洋；
从那喧嚣中忽必列远远听到
祖先的喊声预言着战争的凶兆！
The shadow of the dome of pleasure
Floated midway on the waves;
Where was heard the mingled measure
From the fountain and the caves.
It was a miracle of rare device,
A sunny pleasure-dome with caves of ice!
安乐的宫殿有倒影
宛在水波的中央漂动；
这儿能听见和谐的音韵
来自那地泉和那岩洞。
这是个奇迹呀，算得是稀有的技巧，
阳光灿烂的安乐宫，连同那雪窟冰窖！
A damsel with a dulcimer
In a vision once I saw:
It was an Abyssinian maid,
And on her dulcimer she played,
Singing of Mount Abora.
Could I revive within me
Her symphony and song,
To such a deep delight 'twould win me
That with music loud and long.
有一回我在幻象中见到
一个手拿德西马琴的姑娘：
那是个阿比西尼亚少女，
在她的琴上她奏出乐曲，
歌唱着阿伯若山。
如果我心中能再度产生
她的音乐和歌唱，
我将被引入如此深切的欢欣，
以至于我要用音乐高朗而又长久。
I would build that dome in air,
That sunny dome! those caves of ice!
And all who heard should see them there,
And all should cry, Beware! Beware!
His flashing eyes, his floating hair!
Weave a circle round him thrice,
And close your eyes with holy dread,
For he on honey-dew hath fed
And drunk the milk of Paradise.
在空中建造那安乐宫廷，
那阳光照临的宫廷，那雪窟冰窖！
谁都能见到这宫殿，只要听见了乐音。
他们全都会喊叫：当心！当心！
他飘动的头发，他闪光的眼睛！
织一个圆圈，把他三道围住，
闭下你两眼，带着神圣的恐惧，
因为他一直吃着蜜样甘露，
一直饮着天堂的琼浆仙乳。
（屠岸 翻译）